Formannskapsdistrikt Totally Explained

Everything about Formannskapsdistrikt totally explained

Formannsskapsdistrikt was the name for a Norwegian local self-government district. The system of formannsskapsdistrikts was created in a bill approved by the Storting and signed into law by King Carl Johan on January 14, 1837. The law, which fulfilled an express requirement of the Constitution of Norway, required that every parish (in Norwegian prestegjeld) form a formannsskapsdistrikt January 1, 1838. In this way, the Norwegian State Church districts of the country became worldly, administrative districts as well. (Some parishes were, however, divided into two or three formannskapsdistrikt.) In total it was created 396 formannsskapsdistrikt:
25 (pure) cities/towns: Arendal, Bergen, Bodø, Drammen, Fredrikstad, Grimstad, Halden, Holmestrand, Kongsberg, Kragerø, Kristiansand, Kristiansund, Larvik, Levanger, Lillehammer, Molde, Moss, Oslo, Porsgrunn, Risør, Skien, Stavanger, Tromsø, Trondheim, Tønsberg.
   3 cities/towns with rural districts: Hammerfest, Vadsø, Vardø.
   12 (pure) lading places: Brevik, Drøbak, Egersund, Farsund, Flekkefjord, Langesund, Lillesand, Mandal, Sandefjord, Tvedestrand, Ålesund, Åsgårdstrand.
   1 formannskapsdistrikt consisting of two (very small) lading places: Son and Hølen.
   3 rural districts with dependent lading places: Bamble (with Stathelle), Sokndal (with Sogndalstrand) and Vestby (with Hvitsten).
   1 port and naval base: Stavern.
   1 rural district with dependent mining town: Røros.
   350 (pure) rural districts: Aker, Alstahaug, Alta, Andebu, Aremark, Asker, Askim, Askvoll, Askøy, Audnedal (Undal), Aukra, Aure, Aurland, Aurskog, Austre Moland, Avaldsnes, Bakke (divided in two municipalities), Beitstad, Berg (in Østfold), Berg (in Troms), Bergen landdistrikt, Biri, Birkenes, Bjarkøy, Bjelland og Grindum, Bjerkreim, Bjørnør, Bodin, Bolsøy, Borge (in Østfold), Borge (in Nordland), Borgund, Borre, Botne, Brunlanes, Brønnøy, Bud, Buksnes, Bygland, Byneset, Bærum, Bø (in Nordland), Bø (in Telemark), Børsa, Davik, Drangedal, Dverberg, Dypvåg, Edøy, Eid (in Hordaland), Eid (in Sogn og Fjordane), Eidanger, Eide, Eidsberg, Eidsvoll, Eigersund, Eiker, Elverum, Enebakk, Etne, Evje og Vegusdal, Fana, Fet, Finnøy, Finnås, Finsland, Fjaler, Fjelberg, Fjell, Fjotland, Flakstad, Flesberg, Folden, Fosnes, Frei, Frogn, Fron, Frosta, Fyresdal, Førde, Fåberg, Gaular, Gausdal, Gildeskål, Gjerdrum, Gjerpen, Gjerstad, Gjesdal, Glemmen, Gloppen, Gol, Gran, Granvin, Grong, Grue, Grytten, Gulen, Gyland, Hadsel, Hafslo, Halsa, Halse og Harkmark, Hamarøy, Hamre, Haram, Haus), Heddal, Hedrum, Helleland, Hemne, Herad, Herefoss, Herøy, Heskestad, Hetland, Hitra, Hjartdal, Hjelmeland, Hjørundfjord, Hobøl, Hof (in Hedmark), Hof (in Vestfold), Hole, Holla, Holt, Holtålen, Holum, Hornnes og Iveland, Hosanger, Hurdal, Hurum, Hvaler, Hægebostad, Høland, Høyland, Hå, Håland, Ibestad, Idd, Inderøy, Innvik, Jelsa, Jeløy, Jevnaker, Jostedal, Jølster, Karlsøy, Kinn, Kinsarvik, Klepp, Klæbu, Kolvereid, Kråkstad, Kvam, Kvernes, Kvikne, Kvinesdal, Kvinnherad, Kviteseid, Kvæfjord, Land, Landvik, Lardal, Lavik, Lebesby, Leikanger, Leinstrand, Leksvik, Lenvik, Lesja, Lier, Lindås, Lista, Lom, Loppa, Lund, Lurøy, Luster, Lyngdal, Lyngen, Lærdal, Lødingen, Løten, Lårdal, Manger, Meldal, Melhus, Mo, Modum, Måsøy, Namdalseid, Nannestad, Nedstrand, Nes (in Akershus), Nes (in Buskerud), Nes (in Hedmark), Nes og Hidra, Nesna, Nesodden, Nesset, Nissedal, Nittedal, Nord-Aurdal, Nordbindalen (see Bindal), Nord-Odal, Norddal, Norderhov, Nærøy, Nøtterøy, Oddernes, Ofoten, Onsøy, Oppdal, Orkdal, Os, Overhalla, Porsanger, Rakkestad, Ramnes, Rana, Rendalen, Rennesøy, Ringebu, Ringsaker, Rollag, Romedal, Rygge, Rødenes, Rødøy, Røldal, Røyken, Råde, Saltdal, Sandar, Sande, Sandsvær, Sannidal, Sauherad, Selbu, Selje, Seljord, Sem, Sigdal, Siljan, Skedsmo, Skiptvet, Skjeberg, Skjerstad, Skjervøy, Skjold, Skoger, Skogn, Skudenes, Skånevik, Slidre, Snåsa, Sogndal, Solum, Sparbu, Spydeberg, Stadsbygd, Stange, Stangvik, Steigen, Stjørdal, Stod, Stokke, Stor-Elvdal, Stord, Strand, Stranda, Strandebarm, Strinda, Strømm, Strømsgodset, Støren, Suldal, Sund, Sunndal, Sunnylven, Surnadal, Sævik, Søgne, Søndeled, Sør-Aurdal, Sørbindalen (see Bindal), Sør-Odal, Sørum, Time, Tingvoll, Tinn, Tjølling, Tjøme, Tolga, Torvastad, Tranøy, Tromsøysund, Trondenes, Trysil, Trøgstad, Tune, Tveit, Tynset, Tysnes, Ullensaker, Ulstein, Valle, Vang (in Hedmark), Vang (in Oppland), Vanylven, Vardal, Vefsn, Vega, Vegårshei, Verdal, Vestnes, Vestre Moland, Vestre Toten, Vevring, Veøy, Vik, Vikedal, Vinger, Vinje, Volda, Voss, Værøy, Vågan, Vågå, Våle, Våler, Ytterøy, Øksnes, Øre, Ørland, Ørskog, Østre Toten, Øvrebø, Øyer, Øyestad, Øyslebø og Laudal, Åfjord, Ål, Åmli, Åmot, Årstad, Ås, Åsen, Åseral.
   The introduction of self-government in rural districts was a major political change. The Norwegian farm culture (bondekultur) that emerged came to serve as a symbol of nationalistic resistance to the forced union with Sweden. The legislation of 1837 gave both the towns and the rural areas the same institutions: a minor change for the town, but a major advance for the rural communities. The significance of this legislation is hailed by a nationalistic historian, J.E. Sars”: � “So great an advance in relation to the political development of the people that on that account it can almost be placed alongside the Constitution. By it the free constitution was given a broad basis to rest upon and be nourished from, and became related to the daily life and activity of the people in such a way that its principles could penetrate everywhere and be most effectively acquired… There was at that time scarcely any European state where local self-government was so well organized & so widely ramified as it became in Norway by the legislation of 1837.”

In 1853 the land registration law superseded the formannsskapsdistrikt by introduction of a new designation, the municipality (in Norwegian herred). Two forms of municipality were created: rural and city. Each district was to elect a body of select men of no less than 12 members (in Norwegian) and no more than 48 members. This body selected a quarter of their members as a committee which, together with the local magistrate, established taxes to be levied and improvements to be performed in the district. The local chairman also represented the municipality at the county level.
   Almost one century later (1936) a local self-government district law was enacted which created 682 rural municipalities (landkommuner) and 65 city municipalities (bykommuner) in Norway. Among the city municipalities, 43 had the status of town (kjøpstad) and 22 were recognized harbors for export/import (ladested).

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